Vocal Self-Perception of Home Office Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the self-perception of vocal fatigue symptoms and musculoskeletal pain in home office workers before and during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 424 individuals participated in this cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study; they were stratified into the experimental group (EG), consisting of 235 individuals working from home office during the COVID-19 pandemic; and the control group (CG), with 189 individuals who continued to work in person during this period. All participants answered the vocal fatigue index and the musculoskeletal pain investigation questionnaires. The data were analyzed in a descriptive and inferential manner. RESULTS: Participants in the EG reported more vocal fatigue symptoms and musculoskeletal pain than those in the CG before the pandemic. However, during the pandemic, the EG presented a higher frequency of pain in the posterior of the neck, shoulder, upper back, and temporal and masseter muscles, while the CG presented a higher frequency of pain in the larynx. With regard to vocal fatigue, during the pandemic, EG had an increase in scores to factors such as tiredness and voice impairment, avoidance of voice use, and total scores. No such differences were noted in the CG. CONCLUSION: Workers who migrated to home offices during the COVID-19 pandemic are at risk of developing vocal disorders.

Increased runs of homozygosity in the autosomal genome of Brazilian individuals with neurodevelopmental delay/intellectual disability and/or multiple congenital anomalies investigated by chromosomal microarray analysis.

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) in the human genome may be clinically relevant. The aim of this study was to report the frequency of increased ROH of the autosomal genome in individuals with neurodevelopmental delay/intellectual disability and/or multiple congenital anomalies, and to compare these data with a control group. Data consisted of calls of homozygosity from 265 patients and 289 controls. In total, 7.2% (19/265) of the patients showed multiple ROH exceeding 1% of autosomal genome, compared to 1.4% (4/289) in the control group (p=0.0006). Homozygosity ranged from 1.38% to 22.12% among patients, and from 1.53 to 2.40% in the control group. In turn, 1.9% (5/265) of patients presented ROH ≥10Mb in a single chromosome, compared to 0.3% (1/289) of individuals from the control group (p=0.0801). By excluding cases with reported consanguineous parents (15/24), the frequency of increased ROH was 3.4% (9/250) among patients and 1.7% (5/289) in the control group, considering multiple ROH exceeding 1% of the autosome genome and ROH ≥10Mb in a single chromosome together, although not statistically significant (p=0.1873). These results reinforce the importance of investigating ROH, which with complementary diagnostic tests can improve the diagnostic yield for patients with such conditions.

HPV-associated penile cancer: Impact of copy number alterations in miRNA/mRNA interactions and potential druggable targets.

BACKGROUND: Penile cancer (PeCa) is a rare disease, but its incidence has increased worldwide, mostly in HPV+ patients. Nevertheless, there is still no targeted treatment for this carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: To predict the main signaling pathways involved in penile tumorigenesis and its potential drug targets. METHODS: Genome-wide copy number profiling was performed in 28 PeCa. Integration analysis of CNAs and miRNAs and mRNA targets was performed by DIANA-TarBase v.8. The potential impact of the miRNAs/target genes on biological pathways was assessed by DIANA-miRPath v.3.0. For each miRNA, KEGG pathways were generated based on the tarbase and microT-CDS algorithms. Pharmaco-miR was used to identify associations between miRNAs and their target genes to predict druggable targets. RESULTS: 269 miRNAs and 2,395 genes were mapped in cytobands with CNAs. The comparison of the miRNAs mapped at these cytobands and the miRNAs that were predicted to regulate the genes also mapped in these regions, resulted in a set of common 35 miRNAs and 292 genes. Enrichment pathway revealed their involvement in five top signaling pathways. EGFR and COX2 were identified as potential druggable targets. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate the potential use of EGFR and COX2 inhibitors as a target treatment for PeCa patients.

Effect of physical activity on asthma control in schoolchildren.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of levels of physical activity on asthma control in children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, including public school students aged 8 to 12 years, of both sexes, with asthma, from a capital and a medium-sized cities in Southern Brazil. At home, the students answered the questionnaire on levels of physical activity and disease control. RESULTS: A total of 482 schoolchildren with asthma participated in the study, with mean age of 10.9±2.2 years, and 253 (52%) were girls. Regarding disease control, 50% had controlled asthma, and 67% were considered sedentary. Schoolchildren with controlled asthma were more active than those with uncontrolled asthma (p=0.032). Active schoolchildren were more likely to have asthma controlled (OR=1.5; 95%CI: 1.04-2.25). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated an association between physical activity levels and asthma control. More active schoolchildren were more likely to have asthma controlled.

Effect of physical activity on asthma control in schoolchildren / Efeito da atividade física no controle da asma em escolares

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effect of levels of physical activity on asthma control in children. Methods A cross-sectional study, including public school students aged 8 to 12 years, of both sexes, with asthma, from a capital and a medium-sized cities in Southern Brazil. At home, the students answered the questionnaire on levels of physical activity and disease control. Results A total of 482 schoolchildren with asthma participated in the study, with mean age of 10.9±2.2 years, and 253 (52%) were girls. Regarding disease control, 50% had controlled asthma, and 67% were considered sedentary. Schoolchildren with controlled asthma were more active than those with uncontrolled asthma (p=0.032). Active schoolchildren were more likely to have asthma controlled (OR=1.5; 95%CI: 1.04-2.25). Conclusion The results demonstrated an association between physical activity levels and asthma control. More active schoolchildren were more likely to have asthma controlled.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar o efeito dos níveis de atividade física no controle da asma em crianças. Métodos Estudo transversal, incluindo escolares da rede pública, de 8 a 12 anos, de ambos os sexos, com asma, de uma capital e de uma cidade de porte médio da Região Sul do Brasil. Os escolares responderam, em seus domicílios, um questionário de níveis de atividade física e de controle da doença. Resultados Participaram da pesquisa 482 escolares com asma, com média de idade de 10,9±2,2 anos, e 253 (52%) eram meninas. Quanto ao controle da doença, 50% apresentavam asma controlada e 67% foram considerados sedentários. Os escolares com asma controlada foram mais ativos do que os com asma não controlada (p=0,032). Os escolares ativos tiveram mais chance de ter a asma controlada (RC=1,5; IC95%: 1,04-2,25). Conclusão Os resultados demonstraram associação entre os níveis de atividade física e controle da asma. Os escolares mais ativos apresentaram mais chance de ter a asma controlada.

[The use of FISH on buccal smear to investigate mosaicism with a 45,X cell line: study on healthy men and patients with disorders of sex development]. / Uso da FISH em mucosa oral para investigação de mosaicismo com linhagem 45,X: estudo com homens saudáveis e pacientes com distúrbios da diferenciação do sexo.

OBJECTIVE: To verify whether fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of cells from the buccal epithelium could be employed to detect cryptomosaicism with a 45,X lineage in 46,XY patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Samples of nineteen 46,XY healthy young men and five patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), four 45,X/46,XY and one 46,XY were used. FISH analysis with X and Y specific probes on interphase nuclei from blood lymphocytes and buccal epithelium were analyzed to investigate the proportion of nuclei containing only the signal of the X chromosome. RESULTS: The frequency of nuclei containing only the X signal in the two tissues of healthy men did not differ (p = 0.69). In all patients with DSD this frequency was significantly higher, and there was no difference between the two tissues (p = 0.38), either. CONCLUSIONS: Investigation of mosaicism with a 45,X cell line in patients with 46,XY DSD or sterility can be done by FISH directly using cells from the buccal epithelium.

Uso da FISH em mucosa oral para investigação de mosaicismo com linhagem 45,X: estudo com homens saudáveis e pacientes com distúrbios da diferenciação do sexo / The use of FISH on buccal smear to investigate mosaicism with a 45,X cell line: study on healthy men and patients with disorders of sex development

Objetivo: Verificar se a hibridização in situ por fluorescência (FISH) em células de mucosa oral poderia ser empregada para detectar criptomosaicismo com linhagem 45,X em pacientes 46,XY. Sujeitos e métodos: Amostra de 19 jovens saudáveis 46,XY e cinco pacientes com distúrbios da diferenciação do sexo (DDS), quatro 45,X/46,XY e um 46,XY. FISH com sondas específicas para X e Y em núcleos interfásicos de linfócitos e mucosa oral para investigar a proporção de núcleos contendo apenas o sinal do cromossomo X. Resultados: A frequência de núcleos contendo apenas o sinal do X nos dois tecidos dos homens saudáveis não diferiu (p = 0,69). Em todos os pacientes com DDS essa frequência foi significativamente maior, e também não houve diferença entre os dois tecidos (p = 0,38). Conclusões: A investigação de mosaicismo com linhagem 45,X em pacientes com DDS 46,XY ou esterilidade pode ser feita por FISH diretamente em células de mucosa oral. .

Objective: To verify whether fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of cells from the buccal epithelium could be employed to detect cryptomosaicism with a 45,X lineage in 46,XY patients. Subjects and methods: Samples of nineteen 46,XY healthy young men and five patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), four 45,X/46,XY and one 46,XY were used. FISH analysis with X and Y specific probes on interphase nuclei from blood lymphocytes and buccal epithelium were analyzed to investigate the proportion of nuclei containing only the signal of the X chromosome. Results: The frequency of nuclei containing only the X signal in the two tissues of healthy men did not differ (p = 0.69). In all patients with DSD this frequency was significantly higher, and there was no difference between the two tissues (p = 0.38), either. Conclusions: Investigation of mosaicism with a 45,X cell line in patients with 46,XY DSD or sterility can be done by FISH directly using cells from the buccal epithelium. .

Estudo de microdeleções do cromossomo Y em indivíduos com disgenesia gonadal e linhagem celular 46, XY / Screening of Y chromosome microdeletions in individuals with gonadal dysgenesis and 46,XY cell line

As disgenesias gonadais parcial (DGP) e mista (DGM) caracterizam-se por ambiguidade genital e presença de gônada disgenética associada a testículo disgenético ou dois testículos disgenéticos. Na DGP o cariótipo é 46,XY; na DGM, há mosaico 45,X/46,XY ou suas variantes (mais de duas linhagens e (ou) anomalias estruturais do cromossomo Y). Esses mosaicos podem determinar, ainda, fenótipo feminino com síndrome de Turner (ST), distúrbio da diferenciação do sexo ovotesticular (DDS OT) e esterilidade em homens com genitais normais. Independentemente do fenótipo gonadal e genital, esses indivíduos apresentam outros sinais clínicos decorrentes da linhagem 45,X, como baixa estatura, dismorfismos, anomalias cardíacas e renais e diversas afecções adquiridas. Nos últimos anos surgiram evidências de ligação entre microdeleções do Y e o mosaicismo com linhagem 45,X. Há, ainda, indicações de que a instabilidade cromossômica trazida por essas deleções possa ser mais pronunciada nas gônadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a presença de microdeleções do Y em indivíduos com DGP e naqueles com mosaico 45,X/46,XY ou suas variantes e diferentes fenótipos. A casuística constou de 15 indivíduos com DGP e 15 com mosaicismo, dos quais a maioria apresentava DGM (11 casos). Foram analisados 38 sequence tagged sites (STS) cobrindo a região específica masculina (MSY, male specific region) em Yp, centrômero e Yq por meio da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) multiplex e individual. Todos os STS investigados nos indivíduos com DGP tiveram amplificação positiva, porém havia STS de Yq ausentes em seis indivíduos com mosaicismo e DGM, dos quais dois sem alterações estruturais de Y evidentes ao cariótipo. Essas deleções se localizavam em regiões contendo genes relacionados à espermatogênese (AZFb e AZFc - azoospermia factor)...

Partial and mixed gonadal dysgenesis (PGD and MGD) are characterized by genital ambiguity and the finding of either a streak gonad and a dysgenetic testis or two dysgenetic testes. In PGD there is a 46,XY karyotype, whereas in MGD there is a 45,X/46,XY mosaic or its variants (more than two lineages and/or structural abnormalities of the Y chromosome). These mosaics are also compatible with a female phenotype and Turner syndrome, ovotesticular disorder of sex development, and infertility in men with normal external genitalia. Regardless of the gonadal and genital phenotypes, these individuals present other clinical features associated with the 45,X cell line, including short stature, dysmorphisms, cardiovascular and renal anomalies and various acquired diseases. During the last few years, evidences of a link between Y microdeletions and 45,X mosaicism have been reported. There are also indications that the instability caused by such deletions might be more significant in germ cells. The aim of this work was to investigate the presence of Y chromosome microdeletions in individuals with PGD and in those with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism or its variants and variable phenotypes. Our sample comprised 15 individuals with PGD and 15 with mosaicism, most of them with a MGD phenotype (n=11). Thirty-eight sequence tagged sites (STS) spanning the male specific region (MSY) on the Y chromosome (Yp, centromere and Yq) where analyzed by multiplex PCR and some individual reactions. All STS showed positive amplifications in the PGD group. Conversely, in the group with mosaicism, six individuals with MGD had been identified with Yq microdeletions, two of them did not have structural abnormalities of the Y chromosome recognized by routine cytogenetic analysis. The deleted STSs were located within AZFb and AZFc (Azoospermia Factor) regions, which harbor several genes responsible for spermatogenesis...

Sistema por infravermelho próximo (NIR) para análises de nitrogênio foliar / System by near infrared (NIR) for analysis of nitrogen foliar

O sistema de análises por infravermelho próximo (NIR) tem potencial para substituir metodologias convencionais de análises laboratoriais garantindo qualidade e especificidade. O objetivo do trabalho foi calibrar e utilizar o NIR para análises de nitrogênio foliar de milho e soja. Para a construção do banco de dados e das curvas de calibração, foram selecionados 100 espectros dos 315 obtidos da leitura em triplicata de 105 amostras de folhas de milho, e 73 espectros dos 363 resultantes da leitura em triplicata de 121 amostras de folhas de soja. Os demais espectros foram utilizados para a validação das curvas construídas. Avaliou-se a habilidade de predição dos modelos construídos utilizando-se amostras não pertencentes ao banco de dados, sendo 92 amostras de folhas de milho e 86 amostras de folhas de soja. Todas as amostras foram submetidas também à análise convencional pelo método Kjeldahl. Os resultados foram analisados por comparação, através dos coeficientes de correlação e pelo teste t-Student a 5% de probabilidade. A calibração gerou curvas capazes de estimar resultados que não diferiram estatisticamente dos obtidos pelo método padrão e os coeficientes de correlação de 0,85 e 0,88 para nitrogênio foliar em milho e soja, respectivamente, obtidos na validação indicam que as curvas são válidas e podem gerar resultados confiáveis. Na etapa de predição, os valores encontrados pelo NIR não diferem dos resultados do método padrão e os coeficientes de correlação de 0,79 e 0,85 para milho e soja respectivamente, indicam que o sistema NIR expressa o teor de nitrogênio foliar com confiabilidade aceitável.

The system analysis by near infrared (NIR) has the potential to replace conventional methods of laboratory analysis ensuring quality and specificity. The objective of this study was to calibrate and use the NIR for analysis of foliar nitrogen in corn and soybean plants. For building the database and the calibration curves, were selected 100 of the 315 spectra obtained in triplicate reading of 105 samples of corn leaves, and 73 of the 363 spectra resulting from the reading of 121 in triplicate samples of soybean leaves. The remaining spectra were used to validate the constructed curves. Then we evaluated the predictive ability of models built using samples not belonging to the database, 92 samples of leaves of maize and 86 samples of soybean leaves. All samples were also subjected to conventional Kjeldahl analysis. The results were analyzed by comparison of the coefficients of correlation and the t-Student test at 5% probability for difference between means for testing the equality between the methods. The calibration curves generated able to report results statistically equal to the standard method and the correlation coefficients of 0.85 and 0.88 for leaf nitrogen in corn and soybeans, respectively, obtained in the validation indicate that the curves are valid and may yield reliable. In step prediction, the values found by the NIR system for sheets of soybean and corn do not differ from results of standard method and the correlation coefficients of 0.79 and 0.85 for corn and soybean respectively, indicate that the NIR system expressed the leaf N content with acceptable reliability.

Contextos ecológicos em uma instituição de acolhimento para crianças / Ecological contexts in a host institution for children

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer o cotidiano de uma instituição de acolhimento de crianças de zero a seis anos localizada em um município do estado do Espírito Santo. Além disso, buscou-se compreender fatores implicados no desenvolvimento psicossocial das crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional, tendo como base a Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano e o procedimento metodológico da inserção ecológica. Entre os núcleos apresentados na teoria, este artigo priorizou a análise do contexto. Os resultados mostram que vários aspectos relacionados ao cotidiano da instituição contribuem para o desenvolvimento psicossocial das crianças - dentre os quais, a oferta de condições institucionais que conduzem a oportunidades de convívio saudável com cuidadores e outras crianças, além da promoção de vivências em vários níveis ambientais -, o que amplia e fortalece a rede de apoio social das crianças e das suas respectivas famílias.(AU)

This research aimed at examining the daily life of a host institution for children, from birth to six years old, located in the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil). It also aimed at understanding the factors involved in the psychosocial development of children in residential care. The work is based on the Bioecological Human Development theory and on the methodological procedure of ecological engagement. In this article, among the nuclei presented by the theory, the priority is the analysis of the core context. Results showed that several aspects of daily life in the institution contribute to the psychosocial development of children - such as offering institutional conditions that lead to opportunities of healthy interaction with caregivers and other children, as well as the promotion of environmental experiences on several levels -, and it expands and strengthens the network of social support of the children and their families.(AU)

Contextos ecológicos em uma instituição de acolhimento para crianças / Ecological contexts in a host institution for children

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer o cotidiano de uma instituição de acolhimento de crianças de zero a seis anos localizada em um município do estado do Espírito Santo. Além disso, buscou-se compreender fatores implicados no desenvolvimento psicossocial das crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional, tendo como base a Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano e o procedimento metodológico da inserção ecológica. Entre os núcleos apresentados na teoria, este artigo priorizou a análise do contexto. Os resultados mostram que vários aspectos relacionados ao cotidiano da instituição contribuem para o desenvolvimento psicossocial das crianças - dentre os quais, a oferta de condições institucionais que conduzem a oportunidades de convívio saudável com cuidadores e outras crianças, além da promoção de vivências em vários níveis ambientais -, o que amplia e fortalece a rede de apoio social das crianças e das suas respectivas famílias.

This research aimed at examining the daily life of a host institution for children, from birth to six years old, located in the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil). It also aimed at understanding the factors involved in the psychosocial development of children in residential care. The work is based on the Bioecological Human Development theory and on the methodological procedure of ecological engagement. In this article, among the nuclei presented by the theory, the priority is the analysis of the core context. Results showed that several aspects of daily life in the institution contribute to the psychosocial development of children - such as offering institutional conditions that lead to opportunities of healthy interaction with caregivers and other children, as well as the promotion of environmental experiences on several levels -, and it expands and strengthens the network of social support of the children and their families.

The sample processing time interval as an influential factor in flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte subsets

The objective of this paper is to propose a protocol to analyze blood samples in yellow fever 17DD vaccinated which developed serious adverse events. We investigated whether or not the time between sample collection and sample processing could interfere in lymphocyte subset percentage, for it is often impossible to analyze blood samples immediately after collection due to transport delay from collection places to the flow cytometry facility. CD4+CD38+ T, CD8+CD38+ T, CD3+ T, CD19+ B lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry in nine healthy volunteers immediately after blood collection and after intervals of 24 and 48 h. The whole blood lysis method and gradient sedimentation by Histopaque were applied to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells for flow cytometry analyses. With the lysis method, there was no significant change in lymphocyte subset percentage between the two time intervals (24 and 48 h). In contrast, when blood samples were processed by Histopaque gradient sedimentation, time intervals for sample processing influenced the percentage in T lymphocyte subsets but not in B cells. From the results obtained, we could conclude that the whole blood lysis method is more appropriate than gradient sedimentation by Histopaque for immunophenotyping of blood samples collected after serious adverse events, due to less variation in the lymphocyte subset levels with respect to the time factor.

Estudo da resposta imunológica após a vacinação contra a febre amarela / Study of the immune response after vaccination against the yellow fever

A vacina de FA é considerada uma das mais seguras e eficientes vacinas virais atenuadas, mas pouco se conhece sobre a sua resposta imunológica. Neste estudo 33 voluntários foram vacinados para analisar as respostas imunológicas humoral e celular, tendo em foco parâmetros que pudessem, futuramente, contribuir à compreensão de mecanismos imunológicos responsáveis por eventos adversos graves pós-vacinais. Amostras sangüíneas de 22 primovacinados e 11 revacinados foram coletadas antes da vacinação até 60 dias pós-vacinação. O nível de anticorpos neutralizantes dos dois grupos de voluntários apresentou aumentos significativos até o décimo quinto dia pós-vacinação, atingindo níveis similares 15 dias depois. As taxas de células T, B e NK estavam elevadas nos primovacinados, sendo que uma ativação significativa de células T CD4+ e CD8+ ocorreu em ambos os grupos por volta do sexagésimo dia, ambos com relevância estatística. Células T CD4+CD45RO+ e CD8+CD45RO+ apresentaram aumento percentual significativo nos primovacinados no trigésimo dia, atingindo níveis similares aos apresentados pelos revacinados. A pesquisa de citocinas foi feita pelas técnicas de ELISPOT e por citometria de fluxo após marcação intracelular. Por ELISPOT, houve aumento de células produtoras de IFN-gama e IL-4 estimuladas pelo vírus 17DD, atingindo níveis máximos 15 dias pós-vacinação, com maior produção para IFN-gama que para IL-4. Na marcação intracelular, células T CD4+IFN-gama+, T CD4+TNF-alfa+, CD8+IFN-gama+ e CD8TNF-alfa+ apresentaram aumento significativo nos primovacinados, no dia 15 pós-vacinação, em relação às células controle. Células T CD8+IFN-gama+ e CD4+IL-4+ tiveram a produção das citocinas aumentadas significativamente em relação ao dia 0, retornando aos níveis pré-vacinais no trigésimo dia pós-vacinação. O perfil imunológico após a imunização contra FA se mostrou característico de infecções virais com resposta de anticorpo eficiente, ativação de linfócitos CD4 e CD8 inclusive de ...

Lymphocyte subset analyses in healthy adults vaccinated with yellow fever 17DD virus.

In this study the kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses in first-time vaccinees and re-vaccinees with the yellow fever 17DD vaccine virus was analyzed. Flow cytometric analyses were used to determine percentual values of T and B cells in parallel to the yellow fever neutralizing antibody production. All lymphocyte subsets analyzed were augmented around the 30th post vaccination day, both for first-time vaccinees and re-vaccinees. CD3+ T cells increased from 30.8% (SE +/- 4%) to 61.15% (SE +/- 4.2%), CD4+ T cells from 22.4% (SE +/- 3.6%) to 39.17% (SE +/- 2%) with 43% of these cells corresponding to CD4+CD45RO+ T cells, CD8+ T cells from 15.2% (SE +/- 2.9%) to 27% (SE +/- 3%) with 70% corresponding to CD8+CD45RO+ T cells in first-time vaccinees. In re-vaccinees, the CD3+ T cells increased from 50.7% (SE +/- 3%) to 80% (SE +/- 2.3%), CD4+ T cells from 24.9% (SE +/- 1.4%) to 40% (SE +/- 3%) presenting a percentage of 95% CD4+CD45RO+ T cells, CD8+ T cells from 19.7% (SE +/- 1.8%) to 25% (SE +/- 2%). Among CD8+CD38+ T cells there could be observed an increase from 15 to 41.6% in first-time vaccinees and 20.7 to 62.6% in re-vaccinees. Regarding neutralizing antibodies, the re-vaccinees presented high titers even before re-vaccination. The levels of neutralizing antibodies of first-time vaccinees were similar to those presented by re-vaccinees at day 30 after vaccination, indicating the success of primary vaccination. Our data provide a basis for further studies on immunological behavior of the YF 17DD vaccine.

Lymphocyte subset analyses in healthy adults vaccinated with yellow fever 17DD virus

In this study the kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses in first-time vaccinees and re-vaccinees with the yellow fever 17DD vaccine virus was analyzed. Flow cytometric analyses were used to determine percentual values of T and B cells in parallel to the yellow fever neutralizing antibody production. All lymphocyte subsets analyzed were augmented around the 30th post vaccination day, both for first-time vaccinees and re-vaccinees. CD3+ T cells increased from 30.8 percent (SE ± 4 percent) to 61.15 percent (SE ± 4.2 percent), CD4+ T cells from 22.4 percent (SE ± 3.6 percent) to 39.17 percent (SE ± 2 percent) with 43 percent of these cells corresponding to CD4+CD45RO+ T cells, CD8+ T cells from 15.2 percent (SE ± 2.9 percent) to 27 percent (SE ± 3 percent) with 70 percent corresponding to CD8+CD45RO+ T cells in first-time vaccinees. In re-vaccinees, the CD3+ T cells increased from 50.7 percent (SE ± 3 percent) to 80 percent (SE ± 2.3 percent), CD4+ T cells from 24.9 percent (SE ± 1.4 percent) to 40 percent (SE ± 3 percent) presenting a percentage of 95 percent CD4+CD45RO+ T cells, CD8+ T cells from 19.7 percent (SE ± 1.8 percent) to 25 percent (SE ± 2 percent). Among CD8+CD38+ T cells there could be observed an increase from 15 to 41.6 percent in first-time vaccinees and 20.7 to 62.6 percent in re-vaccinees. Regarding neutralizing antibodies, the re-vaccinees presented high titers even before re-vaccination. The levels of neutralizing antibodies of first-time vaccinees were similar to those presented by re-vaccinees at day 30 after vaccination, indicating the success of primary vaccination. Our data provide a basis for further studies on immunological behavior of the YF 17DD vaccine.

Estudo comparativo do desenvolvimento neurosensóriomotor de recém-nato pré-termo aos quatro e seis meses de vida, segundo a escala" o desenvolvimento do comportamento da criança no primeiro anos de vida" / Comparative study of the development neuro-sensory motor of the newborn preterm to the four and six months of life, acording to the development of the behavior of the child in the first year of life scalles

Este trabalho tevecomo objetivo verificar o desenvolvimento neurossensoriomotor do recém-nascido pré-termo aos quatro e aos seis meses de vida, segundo a Escala " O Desenvolvimento do Comportamento da Criança no Primeiro Ano de Vida". Foram acompanhados 07 bebês considerados de risco, 03 do sexo feminino (média da idade gestacional=33,+- 1) e 04 do sexo masculino (média da idade gestacional =35,+-1). Estes foram avaliados aos quatro e seis meses de idade, na data de aniversário (variação de +-07 dias). Os resultados permitiram observar que aos quatro meses 100 por cento dos bebês apresentaram alterações em todos os comportamentos avaliados, e aos seis meses observou-se que 71,42 por cento dos bebês continuaram apresentando alterações nos comportamentos 1, 4 e 5, 100 por cento nos comportamentos 2 e 8, e 28 por cento no comportamento 7, o que pode ser considerado sianis indicativos de risco para alterações no desenvolvimento neurossensoriomotor, possibilitando a identificação de alterações aos quatro e seis meses de vida